Ingliz Tilida “Wish” Foydalanish

Ingliz tilida xohish, istak bildirish uchun “wish” so’zi ishlatiladi.

Masalan:

• “I wish for a peaceful world.” (Tinch dunyoni orzu qilaman. “Umumiy vaqt”)
• “She wishes to travel to Japan.” (U Yaponiyaga sayohat qilishni xohlaydi. “Kelajakda”)
• “I wish you all the best on your birthday.” (Tug’ilgan kuningda senga eng yaxshi tilaklarni tilayman.)
• “We wish you a Merry Christmas.” (Senga Yangi yil bayramining muborak bo’lishini tilaymiz.)
• “I wish I were you.” (Qaniydi sening o’rningda bo’lsam.)
• “I wish I wasn’t working tonight.” (Qaniydi bugun kechqurun ishlamasam. Bu gap o’tgan kechani emas, kelajakdagi kechani anglatadi; masalan, bu gapni kunduz kuni aytsak, shu kunning kechquruni ishlamasligimizni xohlaymiz, hali bo’lmagan kechqurni anglatadi. Foydalanilishi o’tgan zamonda, lekin ma’nosi hozirgi zamondadir.)

Hozirgi Zamon

Foydalanilishi o’tgan zamonda (past tense), lekin ma’nosi hozirgi zamondadir!

• “I wish I lived in Spain.” (Qaniydi Ispaniyada yashasamm. “Hozirgi zamon” Qaniydi Ispaniyada yashayotgan bo’lsam degan ma’noni anglatadi.)

Noto’g’ri foydalanish: “I wish I live in Spain”

• “I wish I had a car.” (Qaniydi mashinam bo’lsa, qaniydi mashinam bo’lganida.)

Foydalanilishi o’tgan zamonda, lekin ma’nosi hozirda. Ya’ni xohishim hozir, “Qaniydi mashinam bo’lsa”. Bu yerda “had” (o’tgan zamonidagi “have”).

O’tgan Zamon

Past perfect tense (had + V3) bilan birga ishlatiladi.

• “I wish I had lived in Spain.” (Qaniydi Ispaniyada yashagan bo’lsam.)

Hozir qaerda ekanligimning ahamiyati yo’q, o’tmishda qaniydi Ispaniyada 1-2 yil yashagan bo’lsam, tajriba qilgan bo’lsam, endi bu holat o’tmishda qolgan, men Ispaniyada yashamaganman.

• “I wish I had had a car.” (Qaniydi o’tmishda bir payt mashinam bo’lganida.)

Bu yerda birinchi “had” past perfect tense “had"i, ikkinchi “had” esa “have” so’zining uchinchi shaklidir.

• “I wish I hadn’t said that.” (Buni aytmaganimni xohlayman. – Lekin aytdim.)
• “He wishes he had studied harder.” (U ko’proq o’qigan bo’lishini xohlaydi. – Lekin o’qimagan.)
• “I wish you had told me you were going to the cinema last night, I would have gone with you.” (Qaniydi kecha kechqurun kinoga borayotganingni aytganingda, sen bilan borgan bo’lardim, ya’ni “birga borgan bo’lardik”.)